What chemical is commonly used to decontaminate HD spills and what is its typical concentration?

• A. Hydrogen peroxide 3%
• B. Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) around 0.5% (1:10 dilution) with adequate contact time.
• C. Isopropyl alcohol 70%
• D. Acetic acid

Answer: (B)

When cleaning up spills of hazardous drugs, you need a decontaminant that reliably neutralizes drug residues on surfaces. Sodium hypochlorite, the active ingredient in bleach, fits that need because its oxidizing action breaks down many cytotoxic drug residues and works across a range of agents. The standard, practical concentration used is about 0.5% active chlorine, which is achieved by diluting household bleach (typically around 5% sodium hypochlorite) in a 1:10 ratio. Apply the solution to the spill and let it remain in contact for a sufficient time, usually at least 10 minutes, to ensure deactivation. Then wipe up with disposable towels and dispose of the waste as hazardous material per your facility’s protocols. After cleaning, follow any additional step required by your policy, such as a rinse. Use appropriate PPE throughout and avoid mixing bleach with acids or ammonia, which can release dangerous gases. Other agents like isopropyl alcohol or acetic acid aren’t standard for HD spill decontamination because they’re not as effective against drug residues and can introduce hazards.